![]() The electronic properties of CNTs are associated with the geometrical structure of them which is uniquely specified by a pair of indexes called chiral indexes (n, m). It should be noted that carbon nanotubes are designated as one-dimensional (1D) structures because of the long length-to-diameter ratio (aspect ratio). On the other hand, a combination and collection of SWCNTs is the multi-walled CNTs. Simply a wrapped graphene sheet with a hallow fiber is the single-walled CNT. Structure and properties of carbon nanotubesĬarbon nanotubes can be either as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The underlying governing structural features and morphological impact on the electrochemical performances have been discussed and the specific storage mechanisms are also highlighted.Ģ. In this chapter, we emphasize the applications of CNTs in four different areas: alkali metal ion (Li, Na and K) batteries, alkali metal air batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. The extraordinarily high electronic conductivity of CNTs enable CNT and graphite as an additive to composite electrodes and facilitate activation of poorly conducting electrode materials making them electrochemically active. Besides the potential practical applications in chemical and bio sensors, field emission materials, catalyst, electronic devices, CNTs have been used in energy storage and conversion systems like, alkali metal ion batteries, fuel cells, nano-electronic devices supercapacitors, and hydrogen storage devices. Specifically, CNTs have very high tensile strength of 60 GPa and high electronic conductivity reported to be 10 8 Scm −1 and 10 7 Scm −1 for single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, respectively. It is worth mentioning that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have been envisioned to potentially impact different areas of science and technology due to their unique properties and structural features. It should be noted that graphite and CNTs have some characteristic properties and features, that enable them to be used in the energy storage and conversion systems. The synthesis and characterization of CNTs is beyond the scope of this chapter. Leveraging the benefits of these carbon morphologies, the journey towards innovation and discovery has continued to advance at a steady pace and almost two centuries later, Sumio Iijima discovered for the first time the existence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and in 1992 he observed single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs). Notably, ever since graphite and diamond were discovered for the first time in 1779, their innovative applications have been growing untill the present. Specific applications in devices and other uses are highly specific to the textures and nature of the allotrope of desired properties. graphite, diamond, lonsdaleite, Buckyball and amorphous carbon etc.) and different morphological textures (nanotube, nanowire and graphene). This chapter focuses on the role of CNTs in the different energy storage and conversion systems and impact of their structure and morphology on the electrochemical performances and storage mechanisms.Ĭarbon is one of the most important elements on earth and it plays a crucial role in living organisms and modern technological world either as complex compounds or in its elemental form. There are different kinds of carbon nanotubes which have been successfully used in batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells and other energy storage systems. Therefore, CNTs demand a huge importance due to their underlying properties and prospective applications in the energy storage research fields. Furthermore, they have also been used directly as the electrode material in supercapacitors and fuel cells. Energy storage systems have been using carbon nanotubes either as an additive to improve electronic conductivity of cathode materials or as an active anode component depending upon structural and morphological specifications. ![]() Carbon nanotubes have open structure and enriched chirality, which enable improvements the properties and performances of other materials when CNTs are incorporated in them. Engineering them properly holds the promise of opening new avenues for future development of many other materials for diverse applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an extraordinary discovery in the area of science and technology. ![]()
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